Now we move to the method-qualifiers function. This is another example of a function useful in the implementation of Lisp, specifically in the dispatching of methods. It allows the programmer to distinguish between primary methods, :after methods, :before methods, and :around methods. While there is likely to be a programmer who has a use for this, I cannot think of a situation where manually dispatching methods is necessary. The Lisp generic function system, augmented by define-method-combination, seems suitable for any case I can imagine at the moment, so I believe you’re unlikely to find yourself needing to make use of method-qualifiers.